Q:

健康過年安心聚,一文掌握腎友新春飲食小撇步

健康過年安心聚,一文掌握腎友新春飲食小撇步
A:

每逢新春佳節,家家戶戶都會準備豐盛的團年飯,年糕、盤菜等傳統美食更是讓人垂涎三尺。對腎友來說,節日期間的飲食控制格外重要。腎友在飲食上需要特別留意鈉、鉀、磷等營養素的攝取,避免加重腎臟負擔。因此,在佳節期間,腎友仍然可以透過聰明的飲食選擇,在享受美食的同時,又能保持健康。以下是腎友在新春期間的飲食小撇步,讓大家可以健康安心地過新年。

 

撇步 1:少鹽、少鉀、少磷

腎友飲食的首要原則是控制鈉、鉀和磷的攝取。然而,新年的傳統美食往往含有較高的鈉、鉀和磷,這可能會增加腎功能不全者的負擔。因此,腎友在享用佳餚時,需特別注意選擇低鈉、低鉀、低磷的食材,並適量控制食用量。
 

以常見的賀年食品——蘿蔔糕為例,每 100 克的蘿蔔糕平均含有 373 毫克的鈉。根據美國國家腎臟基金的建議,腎友的每天鈉攝取量應少於 1,500 毫克。因此,食用 100 克的蘿蔔糕就已佔了每天鈉攝取量的四分之一。腎友應謹慎控制食用量,以免超過建議攝取標準。
 

此外,腎友應避免食用過多的醃製肉類、菇類、柑橘等高鉀食物,同時限制進食如花生、紅棗、葡萄等含高磷的賀年食品,以減輕腎臟負擔並維持健康。

 

撇步2:選擇健康烹飪方式

在烹調方面,腎友應盡量避免油炸食物。賀年食品如炸春捲、煎蘿蔔糕等雖然美味,但煎炸食品含有大量油脂,容易增加體重並加重腎臟負擔,腎友應少吃,並可改用烤、焗等較健康的烹調方式。此外,腎友可以選擇蒸、煮、燙的菜餚,如蒸魚、白灼蝦等,這些烹調方式不僅能保留食材的原汁原味,還能減少油脂攝取,讓腎友在享受新年美食的同時,也能兼顧健康。
 

調味方面,過年的傳統菜餚常用的醬油、蠔油、豆瓣醬等調味料含有較高的鈉和磷,過量攝取會加重腎臟負擔,影響其正常功能。腎友應選擇低鈉的調味料,或使用天然香料如薑、蒜、蔥來提升菜餚風味,這樣既能減少鹽分攝取,又能保持年菜的美味。

 

撇步3:控制糖分攝取

除了注意高鈉和高脂飲食外,腎友也應特別留意糖分的攝取。高糖飲食不僅會導致體重增加,還會引起血糖上升,進一步影響腎臟健康。對患有糖尿病的腎友而言,持續過高的血糖水平會損害腎臟內的微血管,導致腎絲球過濾功能下降,從而引發蛋白尿,並加速腎功能惡化,加劇糖尿病引發的腎病變。
 

此外,高糖飲食還可能讓代謝變得負擔更重,進而增加心血管疾病的風險。值得注意的是,由於腎臟和心血管系統是緊密相連的,心血管健康下降會影響腎臟的血液供應和正常功能。因此,腎友應適量控制糖分的攝取,尤其避免過量攝取加工糖和含糖飲料。
 

建議腎友選擇如草莓、藍莓等低糖水果或無糖飲品作為甜食的替代品,既能滿足口腹之欲,又能幫助穩定血糖,減輕對腎臟的負擔。同時,腎友也可以養成閱讀食品標籤的習慣,避免攝取隱含大量糖分的加工食品。

 

新年是與親友共享歡樂的時光,但在慶祝的同時,維持健康也同樣重要。透過聰明的飲食選擇和健康的生活方式,腎友可以在享受佳節美食的同時,保持良好的腎功能。祝大家在這個新春佳節裡能夠吃得愉快、過得健康,擁有一個充滿幸福與平安的農曆新 年!

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  • *所有研究及臨床數據應作為參考用途,實際效果因個人體質而異。
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